Map’ae bronze medallion

Korean horse warrants, known as “Map’ae,” are indeed fascinating historical artifacts.
Purpose and Usage:
◦ Map’ae were bronze medallions issued during Korea’s Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910 A.D.). They served as official seals of authority and allowed government officials to use the Royal transportation facilities.
◦ These warrants were not mere awards or postal badges; rather, they played a crucial role in accomplishing official duties.
◦ The number of horses depicted on a Map’ae indicated the level of importance of the mission. More critical tasks received warrants showing five horses, while less significant jobs had fewer horses represented.
◦ King’s Secret Mission Officers (Amhaeng-osa):
◦ One of the most engaging stories involves the “King’s Secret Mission Officers” (Amhaeng-osa). These agents were highly educated individuals selected from national examination passers.
◦ The king would secretly appoint an Amhaeng-osa, providing them with a Letter of Appointment and a Letter of Assignment containing specific instructions.
◦ Equipped with a Horse Warrant, the Amhaeng-osa would travel incognito, investigating wrongful acts, bribery, and local conditions.
◦ If wrongdoing was found, they would seize evidence, close government warehouses, and report back to the king.

Historical Significance:
◦ The use of Map’ae peaked during the reigns of Korean Kings Yongjo (1724-1776) and Chongjo (1776-1800).
◦ These secret missions were often perilous, with corrupt officials sometimes resorting to violence to conceal their crimes.
In summary, Map’ae were much more than decorative medals—they symbolized authority, facilitated investigations, and played a vital role in maintaining governance during the Joseon Dynasty.